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For additional information, please see below. Where possible, links to the articles referenced in this website or abstracts are provided. Bourzac, K. (2010) Melting Drywall Keeps Rooms Cool. Technology Review Published By MIT Carnett, J. B. (2010). The Green Dream: Power Walls. Popular Science: 66 - 67. EnergyBlog (2005, September 14, 2005). "About Solar Towers." from http://thefraserdomain.typepad.com/energy/2005/09/aabout_solar_to.html. Fernandes, D. (2012). "Thermal energy storage: "How previous findings determine current research priorities"." Energy 39(1): 246-257. Energy storage cells with phase change offer a possibility of better utilization of waste and solar thermal energy. This paper presents the results of an analysis of this type of cells, for the energy storage process (charging), and the release of energy process (discharging). The analysis considers two cases, (i) a process in which the phase change material melts from the bottom of the cell under which a constant temperature source is maintained, and (ii) a process in which the melting occurs by heating the cell with a fluid flowing under the cell. The results include the evolution of the solid-liquid interface, and the determination of how much energy has been stored throughout the whole process. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. A literature review was carried out to critically evaluate the state of the art of thermal energy storage applied to parabolic trough power plants. This survey briefly describe 5 the work done before 1990 followed by a more detailed discussion of later efforts. The most advanced system is a 2-tank-storage system where the heat transfer fluid (HTF) also serves as storage medium. This concept was successfully demonstrated in a commercial trough plant (13.8 MWe SEGS I-plant; 120 MWh(t) storage capacity) and a demonstration tower plant (10 MWe Solar Two; 105 MWh(t) storage capacity). However the HTF used in state-of-the-art parabolic trough power plants (30-80 MWe) is expensive, dramatically increasing the cost of larger HTF storage systems. Other promising storage concepts are under development, such as concrete storage, phase change material storage, and chemical storage. These concepts promise a considerable cost reduction compared to the direct 2-tank system, but some additional R&D is required before those systems can be used in commercial solar power plants. An interesting and likely cost-effective near-term option for thermal energy storage for parabolic trough power plants is the use of an indirect 2-tank-storage, where another (less expensive) liquid medium such as molten salt is utilized rather than the HTF itself. The development of energy saving technologies is very actual issue of present day. One of perspective directions in developing these technologies is the thermal energy storage in various industry branches. The review considers the modern state of art in investigations and developments of high-temperature phase change materials perspective for storage thermal and a solar energy in the range of temperatures from 120 to 1000 degrees C. The considerable quantity of mixes and compositions on the basis of fluorides, chlorides, hydroxides, nitrates, carbonates, vanadates, molybdates and other salts, and also metal alloys is given. Thermophysical properties of potential heat storage salt compositions and metal alloys are presented. Compatibility of heat storage materials (HSM) and constructional materials have found its reflection in the present work. Data on long-term characteristics of some HSMs in the course of repeated cycles of fusion and solidification are analyzed. Article considers also other problems which should be solved for creation of commercial high-temperature heat storage devices with use of phase change materials. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved Power generation systems are attracting a lot of interest from researchers and companies. Storage is becoming a component with high importance to ensure system reliability and economic profitability. A few experiences of storage components have taken place until the moment in solar power plants, most of them as research initiatives. In this paper, real experiences with active storage systems and passive Storage systems are compiled, giving detailed information of advantages and disadvantages of each one. Also, a summary of different technologies and materials used in solar power plants with thermal storage systems existing in the world is presented. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Mouawad, J. (2010). The Newest Hybrid Model. The New York Times. NationalGypsum (2011). "ThermalCORE product webpage." Retrieved April 4, 2012, 2012, from http://www.thermalcore.info. nytimes.com (2010). "Harvesting the Sun." The New York Times. from http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2010/03/04/business/0305-SOLAR_index.html. Conventional phase change materials (PCMs) are already well known for their high thermal capacity and constant working temperature for thermal storage applications. Nevertheless, their low thermal conductivity (around 1 W m(-1) K-1) leads to low and decreasing heat storage and discharge powers. Up to now, this major drawback has drastically inhibited their possible applications in industrial or domestic fields. The use of graphite to enhance the thermal conductivity of those materials has been already proposed in the case of paraffin but the corresponding applications are restricted to low-melting temperatures (below 150 C). For many applications, especially for solar concentrated technologies, this temperature range is too low. In the present paper, new composites made of salts or eutectics and graphite flakes, in a melting temperature range of 200-300 degrees C are presented in terms of stability, storage capacity and thermal conductivity. The application of those materials to thermal storage is illustrated through simulated results according to different possible designs. The synergy between the storage composite properties and the interfacial area available for heat transfer with the working fluid is presented and discussed. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Fast reaction times and high discharge rates make steam accumulators a promising option for compensation of fast transients in insolation for solarthermal systems using steam as working medium. Using the volume of components like separator drums or heat exchangers for storage of pressurized hot water is a cost-effective approach to integrate buffer storage capacity. While the basic steam accumulator shows a decline in pressure during the discharge process, there are also concepts maintaining constant pressure. The integration of latent heat storage material allows an increase in volumetric storage capacity. The availability of steam accumulators for compensation of fast transients also helps to reduce the requirements concerning reaction time and discharge rate for storage systems intended for supplying stored energy over longer periods. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Thermal energy storage in general, and phase change materials (PCMs) in particular, have been a main topic in research for the last 20 years, but although the information is quantitatively enormous, it is also spread widely in the literature, and difficult to find. In this work, a review has been carried out of the history of thermal energy storage with solid-liquid phase change. Three aspects have been the focus of this review: materials, heat transfer and applications. The paper contains listed over 150 materials used in research as PCMs, and about 45 commercially available PCMs. The paper lists over 230 references. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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